Cow lameness is a multifaceted issue within the dairy industry, encompassing various factors such as genetics, nutrition, management practices, and environmental conditions.

Lameness in cows often stems from hoof injuries and structural abnormalities, leading to discomfort, pain, and compromised movement. One precursor to lameness is the increased incidence of concussion, defined as the repetitive impact and pressure exerted on the hooves and limbs during walking and standing. When considered in combination with the 90-90-90 rule – stating 90% of lameness starts in the hoof, 90% in the rear legs and 90% of that in the weightbearing outer claw – sharply demonstrates how important hoof health is.

Improving environment to support hoof health

What does improving your herd’s environment mean, in a practical sense? Taking a moment to review housing, standing areas and walkways, by literally walking where your herd do is a good start. By assessing cubicles, collecting yards, walkways, and parlours, there may be areas that can be covered with highly durable yet soft surfaces to reduce leg and foot concussion in your herd.

While high quality rubber matting can support the reduction of subclinical damage in the hoof, it is unlikely to entirely prevent acute lameness. Yet the benefits of a durable but soft and elastic floor, and mattresses in cubicles, shouldn’t be underestimated – think how often cows are in and out of the parlour, standing in collecting yards and lying in cubicles, particularly in the winter.

The flooring surface in milking parlours plays a pivotal role in mitigating or exacerbating lameness-related issues. Traditional concrete flooring, while durable and easy to clean, lacks adequate shock absorption properties, subjecting cows to heightened levels of concussion. In contrast, the implementation of mattresses and matting systems offers a proactive and cost-effective solution by providing a cushioned and supportive surface that increases comfort – and increased comfort means increased milk supply.

The inherent flexibility of these surfaces conforms to the contours of the cow’s hooves, distributing pressure evenly and reducing localised stress points. The integration of mattresses and matting in housing and parlours not only addresses the immediate concern of concussion mitigation but also yields long-term benefits for both cows and the farm business. Enhanced cow comfort and welfare translate into improved milk production, reproductive performance, and overall herd health. Moreover, the proactive approach to lameness management underscores the commitment of producers to uphold animal welfare standards and sustainable farming practices.